Heat transfer means



7 w O R R O M H c HEAT TRANSFER MEANS Filed May 13, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG.-6

INVENTOR CLARENCE H. MORROW Patented Mar. 24, 1936 unrrso stares PATENT or ies 2,034,822 HEAT TRANSFER MEANS Clarence H. Morrow, Shaker Heights, Ohio, as-

signor to The Hotstrearn Heater Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application May 13, 1935, Serial No. 21,105

15 Claims. (01. 138-38) This invention relates to heat transfer means W t reference HOW to the drawing A r for fluid containers, and has particular adapta- Sents a Vertically disposed Conduit circular tion for improved efficiency of heat transfer from Section which may he the flue of the water heatthe gases flowing in a flue, to the side walls of s apparatus u a d n F this heating 5 the flue, the flue being surrounded. by a medium ppa atus n ludin a wat st r tank a u 5 to be heated. The term flue may be employed rounding t fill-e h Cold- Water inlet hot hereinafter for convenience, implying that the Water outlet cand burner 11. container is a conduit, whose content are the Centrally within the flue A is suspended as by gaseous products of combustion, yet in its broadapin 6 other Suitab e Suppo a linkage O 10 est scope the invention pertains to improved heat ar k units h links may e. of h avy 10 transfer in either direction through the walls of Wire or the like, each having a ea h end a large a, container of conduit type. eye rectangularly formed as indicated in Fig. 1.

The general object of the invention then is to Preferably the eyes are slightly i peals improve heat transfer between the contents of a as indicated, whereby the links are detachable,

l5 conduit, and the conduit walls, whereby such and conveniently both eyesof each link are disheat may find its way to or from whatever surpo e in the Same plane 50 thatv i ce t rounds the conduit. V lie in planes at right angles to each other. g

A particular object is to provide means within For each link unit I of the suspended linkage is the specifically considered flue, expanible against provided a pair of heat transfer units 2 to be sup- 2.3 the flue sides to firm bearing against the latter ported thereby. l for transferring thereto by conduction, heat ab- Each of these heat transfer un t which may sorbed by conduction from the productsof combe of cast or sheet metal, comprises generally a bustion within the flue. The effect of the expair of angularly related rectangular panels 2a., pansible means is thus that of fins inwardly exthe unit being bent between panels, and prefer- :5 tending from the flue sides. Another object is ably the parts being so proportioned and ar-; to so arrange the expansible meansthat itmay ranged that the four panels 2a of the pair of have baffle effect upon the flue gases and hence units will define within the flue a pair of cenabsorb a maximum of heat therefrom, yet pertrally intersecting planes as indicated in Figs. 2 mit ample flow through the flue. and 4, Each unit 2 has an opening zb intermedi- A further object of the invention is to provide ate its ends and between its panels 20., which 30 that the expansible means he in linkage form of opening is preferably in the form of the slot indetachable units so that insertion or removal of dicated in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings, The the heat'transfer means may be conveniently had length of the units Z'is slightly less than thepitch though only a limited clearance over the flue be length of the units i so that a pair of units 2 available. Another object of the invention is to may be fitted over oneeye ofeach unit I of the 35 provide that all of the units employed may be linkage, within the flue A, so that as illustrated id ntical, in the drawings the assembly in the flue may com The exact nature of the inventiontogether prise a linkage of units I centrally within the flue, with further objects and advantages thereof will and for each unit l a pair of units 2 receiving be apparent from the following description taken a portion of the lower eye of the corresponding 40 in connection with the accompanying drawings, unit I within their openings 2b. The opposite in which Fig. 1 is an elevation generally intypical sides of the eye having downward and outward section, showing an assembly within a fine, of slope, the weight of the units 2 supported on the parts embodying my invention; Figs. 2,- Band 4 eye will urge them oppositely as well as downare transverse sections as in the respective planes wardlywith cam action. Thus each unit 2 is 45 22, 3-3, 4-4, of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a conventionurged outwardly toward the near wall of the flue alized sectional elevation illustrative of a use of A, its panels 2!; bearing against the flue to act the invention; Fig. 6 is'a view generally similar as; fins extending radially inwardly and longito Fig. 1 but illustrating a modified embodiment tudinally thereof. v v

of the invention; Fig; 7 is a plan view of parts From Fig. 3 it will be apparent that the interen- 5o appearing in Fig. 6; Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are transgaging eye parts of adjacent units I amply serve verse'sections in the respective planes 8'8, 9-9 to mainntain the corresponding pair of units 2 and Ill-l0 of Fig. 6; in Figs. 2 to 4 inclusive and with their panel parts 20!. in rectangularly related- 7 to 10 inclusive the inside flue surface being indiametricalplanes. e I M dicated in broken lines. Preferably the eyes of the units I have equal 55 slope in opposite directions so that the tendency of the units 2 is to maintain the central disposition of the units 1. Also preferably the free end of the wire forming each eye is brought substantially to the center line of the unit I so that the corresponding supported unit 2 cannot catch upon the free end of the unit I but must ride on the cam surface provided by the eye.

As illustrated in Fig. 1, this last described arrangement disposes one unit 2 of each pair lower than the opposite one, as indicated in the upper Y and lower parts of Fig. 1, but this is not of importance. Should it be desired that each pair of units 2 be disposed exactly opposite each other, it will be apparent that they may be positioned upon the linkage of units I with their openings 2b receiving the upper eye parts of the corresponding unit 1 instead of the lower eye parts as the drawings show.

The assembly of units within the flue is made from the top end of the flue, the units 2 being disposed upon the units i as the latter are lowered into the flue, and the units I being hooked to each other as they are lowered into the flue. Obviously in this manner the flue may be equipped with the heat transfer device throughout its length as illustrated in Fig. 5 though the head space above the flue be not more than the length of one of the units. As the assembly is lowered into the flue, and thereafter, the units 2 bear firmly against the flue sides.

Disassembly of the heat transfer parts must be made downwardly. That is, to remove the parts from the flue, the uppermost unit i is detached from its support 6 and lowered, which immediately frees all of the units 2 from the flue sides, permitting lowering of the assembly and in turn permitting removal of the successive lowermost units from the bottom end'of the flue.

It will be apparent that the heat transfer device disclosed somewhat impedes flow through the flue. Such action is desirable since turbulence of the flue gases improves heat transfer between the gases and their confining parts. Thus the eye parts of the units 1 which project slightly into the segmental spaces between the panel parts 2a of the units 2, create turbulence which improves heat transfer from the gases to the panel parts 211. Similarly the spaces between vertically adjacent units 2 assist the scouring heat transferring action.

With reference now to Figs. 6 to 10 of the drawings, a modified form of unit is disclosed, suitable for production by casting and permitting that all of the units employed be identical.

Generally designating one of these units as 3, from the drawings it appears that each as before comprises a pair of panels 30;, longitudinally coextensive and disposed at right angles to each other and joined by a bend. Each has a slot opening 3b slightly offset from its central transverse plane, and a projection 3c thereadjacent and extending in the direction of convergence of the panels 311. The unit is provided with a pair of projections 3d, one adjacent each end and each extending from one of its panels 3a, to assist in heat transfer by creating turbulence. The unit has at one end a hook member 3e and at its opposite end an eye member 3f.

The parts are so proportioned and arranged that a pair of linkages may be made of these units and disposed in parallel relation within the flue A, as indicated in Fig. 6 of the drawings, the

hooks of the units of onelinkage being uppermost and the eyes of the units of the other linkage being uppermost; so that the projection 30 of each unit will enter the opening 32) of the adjacent unit of the other linkage.

Each projection 30 has a sloping face and a face extending substantially transverse of the flue, and for each pair of links the two sloping faces of their projections 30 may interengage in the assembly.

The assembly of the two linkages is made generally as before, from the top of the flue, building onto the linkages as the latter are lowered into the flue, the building up of bothlinkages being simultaneous.

Once the two linkages are so assembled in the flue as indicated in Fig. 6, the right-hand linkage only is secured to be suspended from its upper end. Each link of the left-hand linkage lowers in the flue until its projection 30 engages that of the corresponding link of the right-hand linkage. Upon such engagement the (left-hand) link of the pair is cammed outwardly against the flue side wall, the opposite link being correspondingly,

cammed in the opposite direction against the opposite face of the flue so that the two units of the pair both have tight bearing against the flue, each serving as backing means for the other.

Removal of this form of heat transfer means from the flue may be had either downwardly or upwardly. If removal is to be upward, the lefthand linkage is raised. By such operation the projection 30 of each link of the left-hand linkage, Fig. 6, engages the upper end of the slot 3b of the corresponding right-hand unit, thus freeing both links of each pair from their wedged engagement: within the flue; the left-hand linkage being raised out of the flue as in any linkage of detachable links, and for each unit therein a unit of the right-hand linkage being withdrawn also.

If it is preferred to remove the heat transfer means downwardly, the right-hand linkage is detached from the means by which it was suspended and lowered. This again frees all the units from their expanded positions against the flue, permitting removal of the units from the bottom ends of their linkages.

What I claim is:

1. Heat transfer means for a container comprising a pair of units disposed within said container and having parts interengaging with cam action to urge their relative displacement laterally of said container coincident to transfer of forces therebetween longitudinally of said container, said units being arranged to permit substantial gaseous contact with the container wall.

2. Heat transfer means for a flue comprising a pair of units disposed within said flue and having interengaging parts including one slopingly disposed to provide laterally opposite thrust of said units toward the flue sides dependent upon forces transmitted by said parts lengthwise of the flue;

3. Heat transfer means for an upwardly extending flue comprising a pair of units disposed within said flue, said units having parts interengaging with cam action to provide support of one by the other, and coincident bearing of a unit against the flue side.

4. Heat transfer means for a flue comprising a pair of units disposed within said flue, and having interchanging parts providing supporting relation lengthwise of the flue and coincident expanding relation laterally toward opposite side parts of the flue, and permitting substantial gaseous flow through said flue.

5. Heat transfer means for an upwardly ex-' tending flue comprising a plurality of units dis:

posed within said flue in pairs having interengaging parts disposed to provide bearing of at least one unit of the pair against the flue side dependent upon supporting relation between the units of the pair, said plurality including a link age of separable units extending along the flue, each unit of the linkage being in supporting relation with another unit not of that linkage.

6. Heat transfer means for an upwardly extending flue comprising a support unit disposed to extend centrally along said flue, and a pair of fin units disposed within said flue on opposite sides of said central unit, each fin unit having a pair engaging a part of said central unit for support of the fin unit by said central unit, said interengaging parts being disposed to provide outward thrust of the fin unit against the flue wall coincident with its support.

7. Heat transfer means for an upwardly extending flue comprising a support unit disposed to extend centrally along said flue, and a plurality of fin units disposed therealong and thereabout, each fin unit having a part slidably engaging a part of said central unit for support of the fin unit by said central unit, said interengaging parts being disposed to provide outward thrust of the fin unit against the flue wall consequent upon said support.

8. Heat transfer means for an upwardly extending flue comprising a linkage suspended to extend centrally along said flue to provide a support unit, and a plurality of fin units disposed therealong and thereabout, each fin unit having an opening part receiving a part of one of said links for its support by said linkage, said cooperating parts being so proportioned and arranged that outward thrust of said supported fin unit against the flue wall will be coincident with its said support.

9. Heat transfer means for an upwardly extending flue comprising a linkage of similar separable links suspended to extend centrally along said flue, each link having an end eye for the purpose, and a plurality of pairs of similar fin units disposed therealong and thereabout, each fin unit having an opening part receiving an end eye part of one of said links for its support by said linkage, said cooperating parts being so proportioned and arranged that outward thrust of said supported fin unit against the flue wall will be coincident with its said support.

10. Heat transfer means for an upwardly extending flue comprising a pair of units disposed within said flue and having interengaging parts disposed to provide by their interengagement opposite thrust of said units against the flue sides dependent upon supporting relation between said units lengthwise of the flue.

11. Heat transfer means for an upwardly extending flue comprising a pair of units disposed one beside the other within said flue, means for securing one of said units lengthwise of the flue, said units having interengaging parts disposed to provide by their interengagment opposite thrust of said units against the flue sides dependent upon support of the other unit upon said secured unit.

12. Heat transfer means for an upwardly extending flue comprising a pair of linkages disposed within said flue to extend in parallel relation therealong, with a unit of one linkage adjacent a unit of the other, each said adjacent pair of units having parts cooperative by interengagement to provide support of one unit by the other, and coincidentally provide thrust of both units oppositely against the flue sides.

13. Heat transfer means for an upwardly extending flue comprising a pair of linkages disposed within said flue to extend in parallel relation therealong, with a unit of one linkage adjacent a unit of the other, all said units being identical and detachably connected in their linkages, each pair of adjacent units having parts cooperative by interengagement toprovide support of one unit by the other and coincidentally provide thrust of both units oppositely against the flue sides.

14. Heat transfer means for an upwardly extending flue comprising a pair of linkages disposed within said flue to extend in parallel relation therealong, with a unit of one linkage adjacent a unit of the other, means suspending one of said linkages, each said adjacent pair of units having parts cooperative by interengagement toprovide support of the non-suspended unit by the corresponding unit of the suspended linkage, and coincidentally provide thrust of both units oppositely against the flue sides.

15. Heat transfer means for an upwardly extending flue comprising a pair of linkages disposed within said flue to extend in parallel relation therealong, with a unit of one linkage adjacent a unit of the other, all said units being identical and detachably connected in their linkages, means suspending one of said linkages, each said adjacent pair of units having parts cooperative by interengagement to provide support of the non-suspended unit by the corresponding unit of the suspended linkage, and coincidentally provide thrust of both units oppositely against the flue sides.

CLARENCE H. MORROW. 

